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High-Level Data Link Control

Netzwerkprotokolle   [{{localurl:Vorlage:{}|action=edit}} {}]
Anwendung HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, DNS, FTP, MBS/IP, NTP, UUCP, NNTP,
SSH, IRC, SNMP, SIP, RTP, Telnet
Transport TCP, UDP, SSL, SCTP, DCCP …
Vermittlung IPv4, IPv6, ICMP, ARP, IGMP
Sicherung Ethernet, Token Ring, HDLC, FDDI, PPP
Übertragung EIA-232, EIA-422, EIA-485
High-Level Data Link Control ist ein von der ISO normiertes Netzwerkprotokoll. Darüber hinaus gibt es das proprietäre Cisco HDLC.

Der HDLC-Standard besteht aus:

Cisco HDLC: Das HDLC Datenformat ist typisch für ein bitorientiertes Protokoll ohne die Möglichkeit der Authentifizierung. Es besteht aus dem Opening flag (Blockbegrenzung) '01111110', das mit 8 Bits dargestellt wird. Danach folgt das Address field (Adressfeld) mit nochmal 8 Bits oder alternativ ein erweitertes Adressfeld mit einem Vielfachen von 7 Bit, gekennzeichnet durch eine 0 an der Bitposition 1. An dritter Stelle kommt das Control field (Steuerfeld) mit 8 Bits. Dann folgt das Information field (Datenfeld), das variable Länge hat. Das Frame check field (Blockprüfung) besteht aus 16 Bits und enthält eine Prüfsumme der übertragenen Daten (CRC-16). Zu guter letzt das Closing flag (Blockbegrenzung) mit nochmals 8 Bits ('01111110').

Flag Address Control Information Frame Check Sequence Flag
01111110 XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX ... XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX 01111110

Es gibt drei verschiedene Dateneinheiten, die sich im Aufbau des Steuerungs-Feldes unterscheiden.

I-Rahmen (Information frames) - zur Datenübertragung

Bit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 Sende-Sequenznummer Poll-Bit Empfangs-Sequenznummer

S-Rahmen (Supervisory frames) - zur Steuerung des Datenflusses

Bit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 0 Funktions-Bits Poll/

Final-Bit

Empfangs-Sequenznummer

U-Rahmen (Unumbered frames) - zur Steuerung der Verbindung

Bit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 1 Funktions-Bits Poll/

Final-Bit

Funktions-Bits

HDLC und Varianten finden Anwendung bei X.25, GSM, ISDN, Frame Relay und PPP.



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